Engine starting device



Aug. 7, 1951 Filed Dec. 19, 1946 G. R. ERICSON 2,563,645

ENGINE STARTING nsvxcz 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

Aug. 7, 1951 G. R. ERICSON ENGINE STARTING DEVICE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 FiledDec. 19, 1946 IIIIIIIWHWIIII- v uij Illllllllll)? zilllll IN V EN TOR.

m i 6 n m TI a G. R. ERICSON ENGINE STARTING DEVICE Aug. 7, 1951 FiledDec. 19, 1946 Aug. 7, 1951 G. R. ERICSON ENGINE STARTING DEVICE 5Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Dec. 19, 1946 IN VEN TOR.

Patented Aug. 7, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ENGINE STARTING DEVICEGeorge R. Ericson, Kirkwood, Mo. Application December 19, 1946, SerlalNo. 717,233

24 Claims. (Cl. 123-419) This invention relates to internal combustionengines and more particularly to systems for and the method of feedingfuel to engines.

When charges are supplied to an internal combustion engine from acarburetion system several disadvantages are encountered. The mixture isusually unsuitable for quick engine starting, maximum power developmentmust be below that desired'to obtain maximum economy, and detonationoccurs when the throttle valve is opened suddenly with the engine in itslower speed range. To aid quick starting, provision is usually made forheating the fuel mixture, but this reduces the volumetric efliciency ofthe engine. Engine operating conditions have been improved by theprovision of a suction controlled valve posterior of the throttle valvefor regulating the volume of mixture flow as shown in my Patent2,209,329, issued July30, 1940.

It is an object of this invention to eliminate Another'object of theinvention is to provide a fuel feeding system for internal combustionthe need for heating the fuel mixture and to decrease the time requiredfor starting a cold means for feeding fuel to internal combustionengines in which a carburetion system and an auxiliary liquid fuelsystem utilize the same source of liquid fuel supply. I

Another object of the invention is to provide a method of feeding fuelto an internal combustion engine whereby quick starting, without heatapplication, is promoted.

A further object of the invention is to. provide an engine withcarburetor and liquid fuel injection systems that are automaticallycontrolled to materially restrict the fuel mixture volume flow from thecarburetor system and to utilize the injection system when starting theengine and to disable the iniection system after the engine has started.

Another object of the invention is to improve the starting of internalcombustion engines through the employment of an auxiliary liquid fuelsystem in addition to the usual carburetion system.

Another object of the invention is to increase the maximum power outputof an internal combustion engine through the employment of a liquid fuelinjection system in addition to the usual carburetion system.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a method of feedingfuel to an internal combustion engine whereby power above that developedwith maximum economy and easeof starting will result.

. mechanism.

engines that will function to enrich the normal carburetion mixturewhile cranking a cold engine or when maximum power development isdesired.

Another object of the invention is to provide an auxiliary liquid fuelsystem for internal combustion engine having a carburetion system, withcontrol means whereby, when the throttle valve is wide open, liquid fuelwill be added to the 'carbureted mixture to increase the maximum powerdevelopment.

Another object of the invention is to control a syphonic starting liquidfuel system, for engines having a carburetion system, by meansresponsive to temperature and vacuum whereby the system will be renderedeffective below a predetermined engine temperature but will beventedbeyond a predetermined vacuum development value regardless oftemperature.

Another object of the invention is to control a liquid fuel feedingsystem, for engines having a carburetion system, by means operating withthe throttle valve whereby the liquid fuel system is made effectiveduring engine cranking and is shut off when the engine is dead andoperating in the economical power range.

A further object of the invention is to control flow through a liquidfuel injection system in conjunction with a fuel volume control of acarburetion system for engines whereby liquid fuel will fiow duringcranking and will be shut off when danger of stalling has passed.

These and other objects of the invention will be apparent to personsskilled in the art from a studylof the following description andaccompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of an internal combustionengine having associated therewith fuel feeding means incorporatingtheinvention shown mainly in section and in elevation.

Figure 2 is a similar view showing a modified form to the invention.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary view similar to Figs. 1 and 2 showing anothermodified form of control Figure 4 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig.3 showing a further modified form of control mechanism.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary view similar to Figs. 3 and 4 showing afurther modification of the invention.

Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the flow valve taken on line66 of Fig. 1 shown in engine starting position.

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figs. 1 and 2 showing a further modifiedform of the inventior The carburetor cover l4 has an air inlet horn |4'aligned with conduit l3. Liquid fuel is maintained at a constant levelin the carburetor bowl It by float controlling valve I8 associated witha suitable source of supply. A main nozzle l9 discharges into venturi inthe mixing conduit and fuel flow thereto from the bowl is regulated bymetering rod 2|, the latter being controlled in accordance with theadjustment of throttle valve 22, fixed on shaft 23, in the usual manner.

The volume of fuel mixture flow to the intake manifold from thecarburetion system is controlled by an axially movable valve 21posterior of the throttle-valve and preferably associated.

with a liner 28 in the'riser The head of the valve 21 is adapted to bemoved toward and away from the end of the liner that projects slightlyinto the manifold and valve stem 29 is slidable in guide 30 formed as apart of and extending axially in the liner. Provision is made to allow aminimum fuel mixture flow into the manifold and this may be accomplishedby limiting upward movement of the valve so that it is never entirelyseated against the liner.

When the engine is idling. vacuum is not sufficient to draw thenecessary fuel from main nozzle l9 and fuel is drawn from the low speednozzle 32 into the mixing conduit adjacent the throttle valve. Thismanner of supplying fuel from a low speed nozzle for starting an idlingis conventional.

An auxilliary fuel feeding system is provided for the engine and isarranged to move liquid fuel from the carburetor bowl IE, or from aseparate source of supply, directly into the intake manifold posteriorof the volume control valve 21. This auxiliary system, except in Fig. 5,includes conduit means consistingof tube opening into the carburetorbowl below the liquid level, passage 34 in the carburetor bowl connectedwith the upper end of tube 33, pipe 35 connected with passage 34 anddispensing tube 36 having an intermediate portion connected with pipe35.

I5 is controlled by a lost motion rod 82 connected to throttle valve arm40. Actuator linkage I80 is connected to arm |8| on the throttle valveshaft, see Fig. 1, and extends to the usual accelerator pedal (notshown). Except in the form of the invention shown in Fig. 7, valve 4| isactuated by mechanism in the form of a rock lever 42 to which it ispivotaily connected and the lever is pivoted at 43 to the carburetorbowl cover and to a link 46 connected with piston 45.

In order to utilize engine temperature for controlling the vent valvecontrol mechanism shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and4, rod 49 is pivoted at oneend to lever 42, between pivot 43 and link 46, and is fixed at the otherend to the free end of a coiled spring thermostat 50. The thermostat 5|)has its other end fixed at 5| to the engine exhaust manifold 9. Thethermostat is expanded when cold and will act to close the air ventvalve but it may be overruled by suction. In order to utilize vacuum inthe carburetor venturi as the overruling agent, cylinder 41 is connectedwith venturi 20 by conduit 48. The pressure of spring 49' in cylinder 41acts against piston normally urging the lever 42 in a direction to closevalve 4|, but this spring force and the thermostat will be overruled bya predetermined venturi vacuum value, preferably a value developed whenthe Tube 36 lies in the manifold posterior of valve 21 and has aninterior passage 3| extending lengthwise of the manifold with its endsre- .stricted for spraying liquid fuel therefrom. In

Figs. 5 and 'l the pipe 35 is connected with a separate source of liquidfuel supply 25 instead of the carburetor bowl, and as shown in Fig. 5 isof the gravity feed type instead of the syphon feed type.

Except in Fig. 5 flow through the auxiliary fuel feeding system iscontrolled by two devices."

preferably, in series. One control device consists of a rotatable flowvalve 31 in pipe 35 having pas.- sage 31' th'erethrough, see Fig. 6. Theother control device comprlses'vent valve 4| for openingor closing vent34' from passage 34 whereby suction in the intake manifold will beeffective or ineffective for syphoning liquid through the auxfliarysystem. Valve 31 has an arm l5 fixed thereto and in Fig. 1 this arm isshifted by link 39 connected to 'arm 40 on the throttle valve shaft 23.In Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 the valve arm engine 'is operating at a highspeed such as developed by racing the engine while starting.

When the engine temperature is below a predetermined value, thermostat50 will be unwound so that the outer end will press the rod 49 upwardlycausing lever 42 to seat valve 4| and thereby close the vent 34'. Thearrangement is preferably such that the thermostat will hold the valve4| shut below the predetermined exhaust manifold temperature but thethermostat in its vent closing position may be overruled by the vacuumforce developed in the venturi acting on piston 45 to open the ventunder the condition previously mentioned. When the exhaust manifoldtemperature is above the predetermined value, the thermostat willcontract and the free end will move down thereby opening the vent.

When the valve 4| is closed and valve 31 is open and the engine isturning over, liquid fuel in the auxiliary system will be drawn into theintake manifold, but when valve 4| is open or valve .31 is closed liquidfuel flow ceases. Opening valve 4| serves to break the syphon as well asthe suction applied to passage 34. The ends of injector tube 36 shouldextend as close as possible to the cylinder inlets so that the bestresults will be obtained.

The control of valve 21 is generally similar to that shown in my Patent2,209,329, issued July 30, 1940, and the previously described auxiliaryfuel feeding system is particularly useful with carburetion systems forinternal combustion engines having a volume and vaporizing valve 21controlled in the manner shown in the patent.

Valve 21 is actuated directly in response to vacuum in the intakemanifold. Control mechanism for the valve 21 consists of piston having arod 56 connected with link 51 by link 58. Such link and another link 51'are fixed on shaft 60 and the latter arm-is connected with valveFollower 68, in cylinder 6 I, is engaged by spring 62 and has a rod 64connected to lever 65 pivoted at 66 on the cylinder. This lever has rod61 pivoted thereto and the rod is under control of a coiled springthermostat 68 having one end fixed to the exhaust manifold 8 at 68. Thefree end of the thermostat is slotted to straddle rod 61 and is adaptedto engage flange 18 on the rod. When the manifold temperature is below apredetermined value, the thermostat 68 is expanded and compresses spring62 thereby modifying the movement of piston 55 tending to hold valve 21closed until greater suction is developed. Above the predeterminedtemperature, the thermostat contracts and its outer end no longer reactson rod'61. Spring 62 will then cause the rod flange 18 to follow theouter end of the thermostat.

The engine may be cranked by electrically operated means as disclosed inmy Patent 2,147,019, issued February 14, 1939, controlled by a circuitincluding a dash switch (not shown) and a switch 88. The wiring circuitisconnected to switch terminals 8I and 82 to which flexible contacts 83and 84 are connected. Contact 83 is engaged by plunger 85 pivotallyconnected to arm 86 flxedon rock shaft 68. Spring 62 acts to rock shaft68 to close valve 21 and to engage contact 84 with contact 83, whichengagement is broken when suction overcomes the force of spring .62 toactuate piston 55 sufficiently to rock shaft 68 clockwise and moveplunger 85 to a position releasing contact 83 from contact 84. Openingof valve 21 releases this contact and breaks the starter circuit.

Prior to starting the engine with the controls shown in Fig. 1, thethrottle valve will be substantially closed, its idling position, andvalve device 31 will be closed. 'Due to the interconnection between thethrottle valve and valve 31, opening of the throttle valve for startingwill open valve device 31, see Fig. 6. While the engine is beingcranked, valve 21 will be nearly closed as suction in the intakemanifold is insufficient to overcome spring 62, and a minimum fuelmixture from the carburetion system will flow past valve 21. Valvedevice 31 is open and, assuming the engine is cold, valve 4| is seatedthereby closing the vent of the auxiliary system for supply of liquidfuel to the intake manifold. There will be sufficient vacuum with valve21 substantially closed to pull suflicient liquid fuel, which mixes withthe carburetor mixture, to form an extremely rich fuel charge passing tothe cylinders. The liquid fuel flow from the auxiliary system isdiscontinued when idling as valve device 31 is closed when the throttlevalve is in idling position. Valve 4| is opened by engine temperaturewinding up thermostat 58, or when the vacuum condition in the carburetorventuri is sufiicient to overcome the thermostat 50 and spring 44. Sowhen the engine is operating under its own power vent valve 4| will openthereby cutting out the auxiliary system even though valve 31 is open.

The auxiliary fuel feeding system may be employed to enrich the fuelcharge from carburetors not employing volume regulating valves such asvalve 21', but the system is especially useful when a volume valve isemployed.

In Figs. 2, 3 and 4 the structure is similar to that in Fig. 1 exceptthat auxiliary supply valve 31 is controlled by the joint action of thethrottle valve and the mechanismfor operating the volume valve 21. Inthis form of the invention valve arm I is adapted to be rocked inconjunction with the throttle valve and. an arm 8|, an

6 extension of arm I6, is adapted to be rocked by the mechanism foroperating the volume valve. Rod 82 extends through an eye 88 on arm I5and is pivotally connected to arm 48 on the throttle valve shaft. Theother end of rod 82, as shown in Fig. 2, terminates in a head 83 and acoil spring 84 encircles the rod and seats against the rod head and thearm eye. Abutment 83' on rod 82 engages eye to close the valve 31 whenthe throttle valve is substantially closed. The throttle valve is movedto about one third open position for starting and the rod head 83compresses spring 84 causing eye 80 to rotate arm l5 and open the valve31 so that the liquid fuel can flow to the manifold, assuming that thevent valve 4| is closed. Fig. 2 shows the mechanism in engine startingposition. Vacuum in the manifold when cranking, is insufficient to openthe volume valve beyond cracked position. Rod 86 passes. through eye 81on arm 8| and is pivotally connected to arm 88 fixed to shaft 60. Spring88 extends around rod 86 and is seated against eye 81 and head 80 on theend of the rod. As the volume valve is opened by suction, after theengine is running, shaft 68 is rocked counter-clockwise to open thestarter switch and carries arm 88 therewith pulling rod 86 to the leftand thereby rocking arm 8| clockwise to close auxiliary valve 31. Thevent valve will function the same as in Fig. 1. Spring 88 normally holdseye 81. against a stop collar 8| on rod 86 which position it takes whenthe throttle valve is closed and at which time the flow valve 31 isclosed. When the throttle valve is moved to one third open position, asshown, for starting the engine the spring 84 will. rock arm I5counterclockwise which will open the auxiliary fuel valve 31 and thiswill shift arm 8| counter-clockwise away from flange 8| and willcompress spring 88. This compression of spring 88 will retard closing ofthe valve 31 relative to the opening of the volume valve 21 so thatliquid fuel from the auxiliary system will be gradually cut off as thevolume valve opens. Because of this synchronizing of the action of valve31 and the volume valve 21, liquid fuel will be drawn into the manifold.until danger of engine stalling has past.

In Figs. 3 and 4 provision is made for controlling the volume andauxiliary 'fu'el valves 21 and 31 for starting as in Fig. 2 and, inaddition, provision is made for utilizing the auxiliary fuel feedingsystem when maximum power is desired above that possible with thecarburetionsystem. The liquid fuel system includes a conduit 82,bypassing valve 31, that has a rotatable control valve 83 arrangedtherein. This valve 83 has to an arm 86 on the throttle valve shaft 23.The

arrangement is such that when the throttle valve approaches wide openposition flange IN on the rod will engage the eye I18 and rock arm 84against the action of spring I12 to open valve 83. As the thermostat 50will be holding vent valve 4| open, it is necessary to provideoverruling means that will close the vent valve when flow valve 83 isopen. In Fig. 3 such overruling means is mechanical and consists of acam I84 on an extension of rod 82 that engages an abutment I85 fixed onrod 48. The cam is so arranged as to contactand lift the abutment androd 48 to positively close vent valve 4| when valve 83 is opened whilethe throttle valve is in wide open position.

In Fig. 4 the overruling means is electrical and consists of magnet I86adjacent lever 42 having the economy range. Thus, liquid fuel from theauxiliary system will be added to the fuel charges from the carburetionsystem whereby increased power is developed when desired and whenstarting the engine.

In Fig. -the auxiliary liquid fuel feeding system is utilized only forincreasing the maximum power development of an engine normallyu'tilizing a carburetion system. The auxiliary system,

instead of utilizing the carburetor bowl as a source of fuel, has aseparate reservoir 25 with which conduit 35 is connected. The controlvalve 31 is normally closed by spring I13 and is arvalve fl'is normallyclosed by spring I84 and is opened by arm Ii actuated by collar It! onrod 12 engaging eye 8! on the arm when the throttle valve is opened.wide. Fuel is moved by suction and a vent control valve similar to thatin Figs.

' determined value, and means responsive to a'pregdetermined enginecreated pressure drop below atmospheric pressure for overruling thetempera- 1 and 2 is utilized to control flow. In-this inclosed only whenengine suction is weaks With these two controls, the auxiliary system,will be effective only when the throttle valve is wide open and theengine is inits lower speed range. As detonation occurs frequently underthis condition, theauxiliary system will be effective to increase thefuel supply and thereby lessen detonation. I

What I claim is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a fuel intake manifold, acarburetor in communication with the manifold having a liquid fuelsupply ture responsive means to open the vent valve. 4. In an internalcombustion engine, a fuel intake manifold, a system for feeding liquidfuel from a source of supply to the manifold in response to pressurereduction in the manifold below atmospheric pressure, a valve in thesystem between the source of supply and the manifold operable to open orclose the system to atmos-' phere, mechanism for actuating said valve,and

two instrumentalities for operating said. mechanism, one of saidinstrumentalities being responsive to engine created vacuum for openingthe valve, the other being a spring for closing the valve when theengine created vacuum falls below a predetermined degree.

5. The method of feeding fuel to the intake manifold of an enginecomprising the introduction of a restricted volume of mixed air andliquid fuel into the manifold by suction created while cranking theengine, feeding an additional suppl of liquid fuel into the manifold bysuction while cranking the engine when engine temperature is below apredetermined value, discontinuing the additional liquid fuel supplywhen the temperature of the engine is above the predetermined-value andthe engine is operating under its own power and discontinuing therestriction to flow of the air and fuel mixture when vacuum is greaterthan that developed while cranking the engine.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a fuel intake manifold, acarburetor in communication with the manifold, a volume valvecontrolling flow of fuel mixture from the carburetor to the manifold,means responsive to suction in the manifold for operating said valve, anauxiliary syphon type liquid fuel supply system communicating with themanifold posterior of the volume control valve and constructed andarranged to be operated by the suction in said manifold, a vent valve inthe auxiliary system and a flow control whereby the establishment of thesiphon i dependent upon the opening of the flow control valve and theclosing of the vent valve at a time bowl, valve meairs operating torestrict the volumeof fuel mixture flowing from the carburetor to themanifold when the engine is starting and opening in response to suctionin the manifold of a character developed when the engine is running, andan auxiliary system through which liquid fuel is drawn into the manifolddirectly from' the carburetor'bowl when the engine is being crankedwhile cold.

2; In an internal combustion engine, a fuel in-' 3. In an internal,combustion engine, a fuel in-.,

take manifold, a system for feeding liquid fuel into the manifold inresponse to a pressure condition below atmospheric in the manifold,a.vent valve in the system, means for closing said valve in response toengine temperature below a prewhen there is suction in the manifold, andwhereby the auxiliary fuel supply may be discontinued either by theclosing of the flow control valve or by the establishment of apredetermined suction the manifold, mechanism for shifting said valveresponsive to vacuum in the manifold, an auxiliary liquid fuelfeedingsystem communicating with the manifold posterior of the volume valve, aflow control valve in the auxiliary system, and a connection between themechanism for operating the volume valve and the flowcontrol valvewhereby the flow control valve closes as the volume valve opens.

8. In an internal combustion engine, a fuel intake manifold, acarburetor in communication with the intake manifold, a'vaivecontrolling the volume of fuel flowing from the carburetor to themanifold, means for opening said valve in accordance with vacuum valuesin the manifold, an auxiliary liquid fuel feeding system connected withthe'manifold posterior of the volume valve, a flow control valve in theauxiliary system, means for opening the flow control valve to open itwhile cranking, and means operative by opening of the volume valve forclosing the flow control valve as the volume valve opens.

9. In an internal combustion engine, a fuel intake manifold, acarburetor in communication with the intake manifold, a throttle valve,a valve posterior of the throttle valve controlling the volume of fuelmixture passing from the carburetor to the manifold, means urging saidvolume valve to substantially closed position, means responsive tovacuum in the manifold for opening said volume valve as modified byengine temperature, an auxiliary system for feeding liquid fuel to themanifold posterior of the volume valve, a flow control valve in theauxiliary system adapted to be opened by the throttle valve whenstarting the engine, and a connection between the volume valve actuatingmeans and the flow valve whereby the flow valve is closed when thevolume valve is opened.-

10. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold, a carburetionsystem communieating with the manifold, avolume control valve in thesystem, means urging said valve to almost closed position, meansresponsive to vacuum for opening said valve when the engine is operatedin the power range, an auxiliary system for feeding liquid fuel to theintake manifold posterior of the volume valve for starting the enginewhen cold, a flow control valve in the auxiliary system, means openingthe flow valve when starting the engine, and means connecting the volumevalve operating means and the flow valve to gradually close the flowvalve as the volume valve opens.

11. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold, a carburetionsystem communicating with the manifold and having a throttle valve, anauxiliary system for feeding liquid fuel directly to the manifold, aflow control valve in the auxiliary system, means for closing said flowvalve throughout the powerrange of the engine, and means operated inconjunction with the throttle valve for opening the flow valve whenmaximum fuel is being delivered from the carburetion system.

12. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold, a carburetionsystem for feeding fuel to the intake manifold in accordancewithpredetermined temperature and opened above such temperature, meansfor opening the flow valve while the engine is being started andclosingsaid valve while the engine is in-its power range as developed by thecarburetion system, a by-pas around the flow valve, a valve in theby-pass, means for opening the by-pass valve when the carburetionsy-stemis delivering maximum fuel, and means overruling the vent controlmechanism to positively close the vent valve while-the by-pass valve isopen.

13. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold, a carburetionsystem connected with the manifold system and including a throttlevalve, an auxiliary system for feeding liquid fuel to the manifold, aflow control valve in the system opened by the throttle valve when inengine starting position, a by-pass in the auxiliary sys- 'temaround theflow control valve, a valve in the by-pass', and means actuated by thethrottle valve foropening said by-pass valve while the carburetionsystem is delivering maximum fuel.

14. In an internal combustion engine, a fuel intake chamber, acarburetion system connected with the chamber, an auxiliary liquid fuelfeeding system connected with the chamber, flow control means in theauxiliary system open only for sponsive means when the by-pass valve isopen.

15. In an internal combustion engine, a fuel intake manifold, a,carburetion system connected with the manifold, a throttle valve in thesystem, an auxiliary liquid fuel system connected with the manifold, avent valve in the system, a flow control valve in the system posteriorof the vent valve, means actuated by the throttle valve for opening theflow valve while starting the engine, mechanism for opening and closingthe vent valve, a thermostat responsive to engine temperature foroperating said mechanism to close the vent valve below a predeterminedtemperature and to open it above such temperature, a by-pass in theauxiliary system around the flow valve, a valve in the by-pass, meansoperated by the throttle'valve: for opening the by-pass valve whensubstantially wide open, and mechanical means operated by the throttlevalve when wide open for overruling the thermostat to close the ventvalve.

16. In an internalcombustion engine, an intake manifold, a carburetionsystem connected with the manifold having a throttle valve, a power jetand a starting jet, a normally substantially closed volume control valveposterior of the throttle valve, means responsive to suction in themanifold of a value above cranking vacuum for opening said volume valve,an auxiliary liquid fuel feeding system connected with the manifoldposterior of the volume valve, a flow.

valve in the auxiliary system, means operated by the throttle valve foropening the flow valve during starting, and actuator means operated bythe volume valve operating means for closing said flow valve when thevolume valve is partly open.

17. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold, a carburetionsystem connected with the manifold having athrottle valve, a volumecontrol valve in the system posterior of the throttle valve, meansresponsive to suction in the manifold for regulating the volume valveopening, an auxiliary liquid fuel system connected with the manifoldposterior of the volume valve, a vent valve in the auxiliary systemactuated by temperature responsive mechanism to close below apredetermined engine temperature and to open above such temperature, aflow valve in the auxiliary system, means connecting the flow valve toopen when the throttle valve is in starting position, means connectingthe flow valve to close as the volume valve opens, a bypass in theauxiliary system around the flow valve, a valve in the by-pass, andthrottle valve operated means for opening the by-pass valve and closingthe vent valve when the throttle valve is in substantially wide openposition.

18. In an internal combustion engine, a fuel intake manifold, acarburetion system connected with the manifold having a throttle valve,a normally substantially'closed volume control valve in the systemposterior of the throttle valve, mechanism responsive to vacuum drop inthe manifold below cranking vacuum for opening said volume controlvalve, an auxiliary liquid fuel system connected with the manifoldposterior of the volume control valve, 9, connection between themechanism for operating the volume valvev 12 around the flow valve, aflow valve in the by-pass, and means actuated by the throttle valve foropening the valve in the by-pass and causin the vent valve operatingmeans-to close the vent valvewhen the throttle valve is moved to wide'open position.

22; In an internalcombustion engine, a fuel intake manifold, acarburetion system connected with the manifold having a throttle valve,a

normally substantially closed volume control valve in the systemposterior of the throttle valve, mechanism responsive to pressure dropin the manifold below cranking pressure for opening said volume valve,an auxiliary liquid fuel system connected with the manifold posterior ofthe volume valve, a flow control valve in the auxiliary system,connecting means between the volume valve opening mechanism and the flowvalve engine, introducing liquid fuel into the manifold while crankingthe engine, increasing the volume of carburetcd fuel mixture "as desiredin the engine power range of operation and discontinuing liquid fuelintroduction, and introducing liquid fuel into the manifold while themaximum volume of carbureted mixture is being introduced to increase themaximum power output of the engine. I

20. In an internal combustion engine, a fuel intake manifold, acarburetion system connected withrthe manifold having a throttle valve,a volume control valve in the system posterior of the throttle valve,mechanism responsive to vacuum in the manifold developed above crankingspeed for openingthe volume valve in accordance therewith, an auxiliaryliquid fuel feeding system connected with the manifold posterior of thevolume valve, a flow valve in the auxiliary system normally open whilecranking, a connection with the volume valve control mechanism forclosing the flow valve when the volume valve is opened, a vent valve inthe auxiliary system, thermostatically actuated means for closing thevent valve when the engine is cold and opening it when the enginetemperature is above a predetermined value, a by-pass in the auxiliarysystem around the flow valve, a flow valve in the by-pass, and meansactuated by the throttle valve for positively closing the vent valve andopening the by-pass valve when the throttle valve is in wide openposition. r

, 21. In an internal combustion engine, a fuel intake manifold, acarbureticn' system connected with the manifold having a throttle valve,a volwhereby the flow valve will be closed in the engine power range,mechanism operated by the throttle valve for opening the flow valve, aby-pass around the flow valve in the auxiliary system, a flow controlvalve in the by-pass, and mechanism controlled by the throttle .valvetoclose the valve in the by-pass while the throttle valve is partly openand to open said by-pass valve when the throttle valve is wide open.

23. In an internal combustion engine, a fuel intake manifold, acarburetion system connected to the manifold having a throttle valve, anormally substantially closed volume control valve in the systemposterior of the throttle valve, mechanism responsive to suction in themanifold of a value,greater than cranking. created suction for openingsaid valve, means responsive to engine on the valve opening mechanismwhen the engine is cold, an auxiliary liquid fuel feeding systemconnected with the manifold posterior of the volume valve, a flowcontrol valve in the auxiliary system adapted to be open while crankingthe engine, and means actuated by the volume valve ume control valve inthe system posterior of f the throttle valve, mechanism responsive tovacuum in the manifold developed above cranking speed for opening the,volume valve in accordance therewith, an auxiliary liquid fuel feedingsystem connected with the manifold posterior of the volume valve, 9.flow valve in the auxiliary system normally open while cranking, aconnection withthe volume valve control mechanism for closing the flowvalve when the volume valve is opened,-a vent valve in the auxiliarysystem, thermostatically actuated means for closing the vent valve whenthe engine is cold and opening it when the engine temperature is above apredetermined value, a by-pass in the auxiliary'system opening mechanismfor closing said flow valve,

as the volume valve is.opened.

' 24. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold, acarburetion system connected with the manifold having a throttle valve,an auxiliary syphon fuel system open to the manifold, vent valve meansfor thegiuxiliary system, means for opening the vent valve in responseto suction in the carburetion system when engine operating conditionswould develop detonation, flow valve means for the auxiliary system inseries with the vent valve, and means operative when the throttle valveis wide open for opening the flow valve.

- GEORGE 13,. ERICSON.

narmmcas The following references are of record in the file of thispatent: A

France Oct. 2, 1923

